Economic backwardness and economic development

Is there are several aspects of economic underdevelopment, where the participation of developing countries where most of these countries got political independence during the past five decades and still suffers many of them in terms of underdevelopment and dependency, which he inherited from colonialism, as well as suffer most of these countries from low levels of income and many other things we will all case  individually in other articles next
Where aspects of economic, technological, social and political backwardness